2.8. Examples of studies utilising nuclear medicine procedures in the diagnosis of orthopaedic infections

In order to make this publication easier to read, exemplary data from some previous studies have been collected into Table 2. The selection of these examples is purely subjective and represents studies including the required documentation for this kind of tabulation and a series including hip and knee prosthesis infections, often among other orthopaedic infections. Because of varying aspects, including but not limited to the study methodology and documentation, no definite conclusions should be drawn based on this simplified table alone. However, particular attention should be paid to the variable follow-up periods of the patients in the reference methods column.

Table 2. Examples of studies utilising nuclear medicine procedures in the diagnosis of orthopaedic infections.

MethodPublicationn prosthesesn patientsSensitivitySpecificityReference method (follow-up time)
67Ga/boneMerkel et al. 1986hip 71, knee 14, other1306681Operative and clinical (2 years)
99mTc-nanocolloidFlivik et al. 1993hip 14, knee 72110082Operative and clinical (not specified)
111In-HIGNijhof et al. 1997hip 85, knee 1710010080 in hip, 50 in kneeOperative and clinical (6 months)
18F-FDG-PETZhuang et al. 2001hip 38, knee 36629081Operative and clinical (1 year)
111In-leukocyte/boneJohnson et al. 1988hip 21, knee 2288895Operative only
111In-leukocyte/marrowPalestro et al. 1990hip 927210097Operative and clinical (6 months)
111In-leukocyte/marrowPalestro et al. 1991knee 412886100Operative and clinical (6 months)
99mTc-leukocyteDevillers et al. 1994hip 52, other implant 221169789Operative and clinical (1 year)
99mTc-leukocyte/ boneMoragas et al. 1990hip 25, knee 55010091Operative and clinical (not specified)
99mTc-antigranulocyte antibody fragmentRyan 2002hip 3, knee 23, other558577Operative and clinical (6 months)
99mTc-ciprofloxacinSonmezoglu et al. 2001hip 11, knee 11, femur 1519291Operative and clinical (3 months)