Glossary

Abbreviations

AAA-bone

Autolyzed antigen-extracted allogeneic bone

ACG

Autogenous cancellous bone graft

BMC

Bone mineral content

BMD

Bone mineral density

BMP

Bone morphogenetic protein

bBMP

Bovine bone morphogenetic protein

BS

Bone torsional stiffness

cBMP

Canine bone morphogenetic protein

CDMP

Cartilage-derived morphogenetic protein

cDNA

Complementary deoxyribonucleic acid

CSA

Cross-sectional area

DBM

Demineralized bone matrix

GDF

Growth and differentation factor

GuHCl

Guanidine hydrochloride

HA

Hydroxyapatite

hBMP

Human bone morphogenetic protein

MA

Maximal angular deformation

MAE

Maximal absorbed energy

mBMP

Moose bone morphogenetic protein

MTC

Maximal torque capacity

NCP

Noncollagenous protein

PDLA

Poly-D-lactide

PDLLA

Poly-DL-lactide

PGA

Polyglycolide

PLA

Polylactide

PLLA

Poly-L-lactide

rhBMP

Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein

rhOP-1

Recombinant human osteogenic protein-1 = BMP-7

TCP

Tricalcium phosphate

TGF-β

Transforming growth factor β

Definitions

Autograft bone

Bone material taken from the same individual.

Allograft bone

Bone material taken from another individual of the same species.

Bioassay

Evaluation of the effect of an agent (e.g. BMP) on a living organism.

Biodegradation

Breakdown of material in living tissue.

Bone graft

Bone material used to replace bone tissue in a defect.

Carrier

Material used to deliver BMP into the body. The carrier is thought to immobilize the inductive agent and to provide a slow release of the agent.

Chemotaxis

A process whereby certain agent(s) attract cells to a certain site.

Collagen

The single most abundant protein in mammals.

Composite

Composite material is composed of at least two different materials or phases acting together as an implant.

Critical sized defect

A defect in bone which does not heal if left untreated.

Implant

A medical devise made of one or more biomaterials that is intentionally placed within the body, either totally or partially buried beneath the epithelial surface.

Mesenchymal cell

A cell with an ability to differentiate in many different ways.

Osseointegration

Direct bone-to-biomaterial interface without interconnecting fibrous

(or osteointegration)

tissue.

Osteoblast

A bone-forming cell.

Osteoclast

A bone-resorbing cell.

Osteoconduction

The ability to guide bone formation on a material surface in a bony environment.

Osteoinduction

A process whereby one tissue or a product derived from it causes another undifferentiated tissue to differentiate into bone.

Xenograft bone

Bone material taken from an individual of another species.