Symbols

 

Dimension

a

baffle spacing (measured along bed)

L

b

clear width of fishway opening

L

B

overall width of fishway flume

L

b

opening of V in degrees

°

C

coefficient

-

d

depth of flow (measured above the lowest point of the weir perpendicular to bed)

L

D

depth of flow (measured from bottom perpendicular to bed)

L

g

acceleration due to gravity

LT-2

h

head over the weir crest

L

ho

mean depth of flow at the weir

L

k

height of upper part of bottom baffle

L

k’

height of lower part of bottom baffle

L

K

average height of bottom baffle, equal to k/2 + k

L

L

pool length, length scale

L

n

number of observations

-

p

percentage deviation, = ((QmeasuredQestimated)/Qmeasured)*100 %

%

pm

mean percentage deviation

%

P

the height of the weir measured from the bottom to the lowest point of the weir

L

Q

discharge

L3T-1

Q*

dimensionless discharge, scaling factor for discharge

-

sD

standard deviation of the percentage deviation p, s= (Σ(p – pm)2/(n – 1))

%

sE

standard error of the percentage deviation p, s= sD/n

%

S

slope

-

S0

bed slope of fishway

-

t

depth of flow below the weir measured from the weir crest

L

t

test statistic in Student’s t-test, t = pm/sE

-

T

time scale

T

v

time-averaged longitudinal velocity

LT-1

V

mean velocity at a cross section

LT-1

v*

dimensionless velocity

-

x

distance

L

x*

dimensionless distance

-

y

normal distance from the datum

L

yo

normal water depth

L

y*

dimensionless normal depth

L

Y

normal depth, normal distance from the bottom of fishway

L

y

baffle angle in Denil fishways in degrees

°