Abbreviations

AMOVA

Analysis of molecular variance

bp

Base pair

BP

Before present

cpDNA

Chloroplast DNA

CSB

Conserved sequence block

dNTP

Dinucleotidetriphosphate

H strand

Heavy strand

IS

Isotope stage

kb

Kilo base pair

L strand

Light strand

MHC

Major histocompatibility complex

ML

Maximum likelihood

mtDNA

Mitochondrial DNA

My, Mya

Million years, million years ago

nDNA

Nuclear DNA

numt

Nuclear copy of a mitochondrial sequence

OTU

Operational taxonomical unit

PAUP

Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony

PCR

Polymerase chain reaction

rRNA

Ribosomal ribonucleic acid

tRNA

Transfer ribonucleic acid

ts

Transition

tv

Transversion