6.4. Cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity

6.4.1. Difference between the sexes

Females have been reported to have both higher (Marcel et al. 1990) or similar (Savo­lainen et al. 1990) CETP levels compared with males, and we found the basal CETP activity to be high in females.

6.4.2. Effect of apo E polymorphism

CETP activity correlated well with the pre-treatment total and LDL cholesterol concentrations and with the lovastatin-induced decrease in LDL cholesterol, but only in the patients without the apo E 4 allele. The effect of apo E 4 on lipoprotein metabolism seems to mask the correlation between CETP activity and LDL cholesterol concentration as well as the drug-induced lowering of LDL cholesterol. One mechanism by which apo E might increase the CETP-mediated cholesteryl ester and triglyceride transfer between VLDL and HDL can be the enhanced affinity of CETP for VLDL (Kinoshita et al. 1993).