| Dietary xylitol in the prevention of experimental osteoporosis. Beneficial effects on bone resorption, structure and biomechanics | ||
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A slight tendency toward diminished weight gain was detected with increasing dietary xylitol concentration (studies I and IV). However, the differences in weight gains between xylitol-fed rats and controls were not particularly great, being significant (p<0.05) only when using the highest xylitol concentration (20%) in the study with the longest duration (3 months).
The weight gain of the rats that were fed the diet supplemented with 1M sorbitol (p<0.01) or 1M erythritol (p<0.01) for one month, was significantly smaller than that of the controls (study II).
Ovariectomized rats exhibited an increased weight gain as compared to the sham-operated controls (p<0.01) (studies III and V). Weight gain of the ovariectomized rats fed a diet supplemented with 10% xylitol was smaller than that of the ovariectomized rats without dietary xylitol supplementation. This difference was significant in study V (p<0.05), but not in study III.
The average food intake of the rats in different dietary xylitol supplementation groups did not differ from that of the controls. However, the food intake was greater in the 1M erythritol group as compared to the other groups (p<0.05), except for the 1M sorbitol group. The average food intake of the ovariectomized rats exceeded the food intake of both the sham-operated controls and the ovariectomized rats fed a diet with 10% xylitol supplementation (p<0.05).
Slight diarrhea was detected during the first week in the rats that had been fed the diet supplemented with 10% or 20% xylitol. Accordingly, slight diarrhea was detected during the first week in all 1M polyol supplementation groups. However, as distinct from the other groups, in the sorbitol group, the diarrhetic effect was maintained throughout the experimental period of one month.
Dietary administrations of 1M D-Mannitol (p<0.01) and 1M erythritol (p<0.01) caused diuresis in the rats. Dietary 1M xylitol and 1M sorbitol, however, did not affect the excretion of urine as compared to the rats fed the basal diet alone. Consequently, the mean water intake was greatest in the D-mannitol (p<0.01) and erythritol groups (p<0.01).